2022 – Page 14 – Rejuvenate Health

PCOS & Infertility: The Often Ignored But A Deep Connection

Introduction

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a medical condition where the hormonal levels of women are severely affected.

PCOS causes women to create higher male hormones than they should. This hormonal imbalance women to miss menstrual cycles, making it difficult for them to conceive.

PCOS is indicated by hair growth on the face and body, as well as baldness. It can also cause long-term health problems, including diabetes and heart disease.

Birth control pills and diabetes drugs (which treat insulin resistance, which is a hallmark of PCOS) can assist in correcting the hormone imbalance and alleviating symptoms.

The prevalence of PCOS in India varies between 3.7 and 22.5 per cent, depending on the population investigated and the diagnostic criteria utilised.

Symptoms of PCOS

Around the time of a woman’s first menstruation, some begin to experience symptoms. Others only find out they have PCOS after they’ve acquired a lot of weight or struggled to conceive. Here are some common symptoms of PCOS:

Weight gain: Around 80% of women with PCOS suffer from obesity or being overweight.
Facial hair: Hair grows on the face and body of more than 70% of women with this illness, including the back, belly, and chest. Hirsutism refers to excessive hair growth.
Heavy bleeding: Because the uterine lining develops over a longer time, your periods may be heavier than usual.
Acne: Male hormones can make the skin oilier than usual, which can cause acne outbreaks on the face, chest, and upper back.
Unbearable headaches: In some women, hormone change can provoke excruciating headaches.
Abnormal periods: During PCOS, the uterine lining is unable to shed every month, due to a lack of ovulation, thus leading to irregular periods. Some women suffering from PCOS can experience as little as eight periods in a calendar year or in some cases, none at all.

PCOS and infertility

PCOS might raise your risk of miscarriage, especially if left untreated.

It is due to reduced levels of the hormone progesterone in women with PCOS, that it is crucial for ensuring that the endometrial lining is thick enough to allow the implantation and development of an embryo.

Progesterone is also required for the embryo to continue to grow and develop after implantation until the placenta takes over progesterone production around weeks 10 to 12.

This implies that low progesterone levels might raise your chances of miscarriage even before you discover you’re pregnant.

How does PCOS affect pregnancy and lead to complications?

PCOS can have a significant impact on pregnancy and lead to difficulties such as:

Miscarriage
Baby spending more time in Intensive Care Unit
Caesarean section (C-section)
Heavyweight baby
Gestational diabetes
Preeclampsia

Even though PCOS is the most frequent cause of infertility in women, it is also easily manageable. Rather than becoming discouraged, women with PCOS should seek treatment from a specialist.

Diagnosis of PCOS

In most situations, a patient’s symptoms or complaints indicate PCOS to the doctor.

So the doctor examines the patient’s medical history and does a physical examination to search for indicators of excessive hair growth, insulin resistance, and acne.

The reproductive organs are analysed and physically examined for any abnormalities, such as bulk, growth, and so on.

Post-that the following diagnostic tests may be recommended:

Ultrasound: A USG of the reproductive organs is performed to examine the appearance of the ovaries and the thickness of the uterine lining. A transvaginal ultrasound is sometimes used to get a better image of the organs.
Blood tests: Hormone levels, glucose tolerance and fasting, and cholesterol and triglyceride levels are all evaluated using blood tests.

Treatment of PCOS

There is currently no definitive cure for PCOS. Treatment, on the other hand, can improve the odds of conceiving in people who want to have a family.

Individual symptoms differ, thus therapy is not always the same.

Here are some suggested options for treatment which also depend on whether a person wants to get pregnant or not:

Hormonal imbalances can be corrected using birth control tablets
Insulin-sensitizing medications boost the body’s insulin utilisation and, as a result, testosterone synthesis
Exercise and a healthy diet can help you feel better and lose weight
Maintaining a healthy weight can aid in the reduction of insulin and testosterone levels, as well as the alleviation of symptoms
Medication to manage blood sugar levels in the event of diabetes

Final thoughts

PCOS can cause a woman’s menstrual cycles to be interrupted, making it difficult to conceive.

Unwanted symptoms such as hair growth on the face and body are also caused by high amounts of testosterone levels.

Losing weight can help with PCOS symptoms and increase your chances of becoming pregnant. Weight loss can be achieved by a combination of diet and aerobic activities.

Doctors usually prescribe lifestyle changes as the primary therapy for PCOS, and they often work.

And, above all, keep your health in check by opting for regular PCOS diagnostic check-ups to evaluate the effectiveness of the management techniques.

Birthmark Removal Treatment

Birth marks or birth defects can be caused by a variety of reasons ranging from genetic inheritance to environmental factors to lifestyle.

For every type of birth marks and for any age group, we have in-house a spearhead Pulse laser therapy that results in faster shrinking of birthmarks, causing it to stop growing and ultimately vanish it from the skin. Our Laser therapy works effectively for high‐risk marks like infantile hemangiomas.

If birthmarks are not treated timely, port wine birthmarks can get deep in color and increase in size and depth with age. They can increase the chances of chronic infections, abrasion, ulcerations and circulatory problems. Some birthmarks go away completely by themselves while others do not. There are four types of birthmark classifications:

Hemangiomas: These birthmarks develop in infants within a few weeks after birth. They are the most common type of tumors that are found in infants and usually occur around the head and neck. It may disappear within a few months but most of the times take years to fade or disappear.
Salmon Patches: Also known as macular stains, salmon patches are thin, light colored patches of discoloration which mostly appear on babies. They are most common on the upper eyelids or the back of the neck. Patches on upper eyelids mostly disappear after the first year while patches on the back do not.
Pigmentation Type Birthmarks: These include moles, coffee-cream and Mongolian spots. Coffee cream spots occur due to much pigment in the skin, but are not severe and hence do not require treatment or removal. Mongolian spots are generally blue to grey flat patches and fade on their own in the first few years of children lives. Moles usually pose no health risk; but may have cancerous effects later on in life.
Vascular Malformations: They are caused by abnormal development of blood vessels and are present from birth. These can be found anywhere on the body and do not disappear on their own.

Birthmark Diagnosis and Treatment

Birthmark treatments depend on the type of birthmark. The first step is to consult a pediatrician or facial plastic surgeon for proper diagnosis of the birthmark. Laser technology has proved to be highly beneficial in birthmark treatments. A high-energy pulsing laser can be used for the effective and accurate removal of birthmarks.

The procedure is painless and requires no anesthetic. You will only feel a slight tingling sensation with no pain or discomfort.

Laser treatment can greatly reduce the dark tones of birthmarks, coffee-cream birthmarks and can also even out the tone of original birthmark completely. Port-wine stain birthmarks require intensive laser treatment, which is offered in Delhi at affordable prices by highly experienced doctors.

Benefits of laser treatments for birthmark removal:

Laser treatments of birthmarks can last from a few minutes to several hours, depending on the size, shape and intensity of the birthmark.
The procedures are mostly performed at an in-office appointment or in a doctor’s surgical suite, based on the intensity of the treatment required.
No hospital or overnight stay is required.
There is very little healing time after the removal of a birthmark. Though in some cases, tenderness or bruising may occur at the site of the birthmark, but it fades within one week.
Little bruising and tenderness might occur at the site of the birthmark, but it generally fades away within one week.

Moreover, there are minimal risks involved in laser birthmark removal. In few cases, uneven skin tone or dark areas of skin can occur. But most of these cosmetic risks can be rectified with a secondary laser treatment.

In rare cases, some bleeding, scabbing and bruising can follow after the treatment. There are varied reasons why patients undergo birthmark removal from not liking their appearance to severe problems such as increased risk of glaucoma or seizures.

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HydraFacial Treatment

WHY DO WE NEED HAYDRAFACIAL ?

Skin is the largest organ of the body. Everyday our skin is exposed to free radicals (i.e. unstable molecules) like pollution, sun, and stress which damage the vital skin cells like collagen and elastin that keep us fresh and young.
One of the most damaging of these free radicals are the sun’s rays.

Antioxidants counterattack the free radical damage by trapping and containing them, prevent any further damage to our skin thereby revitalizing and protecting it.

WHAT DOES THE PROCESS INVOLVE?

It involves four steps:

STEP1: CLEANSING AND EXFOLIATION: Dead skin cells are removed.

STEP2: ACID PEEL: Helps loosen dirt and debris from pores without irritation

STEP3: EXTRACTIONS: Painless, automated using vortex suction to clear pores

STEP4: HYDRATION: Antioxidants and Hyaluronic acid Vortex fused to nourish and protect

ADVANTAGES:

Works for all skin types
Shows immediate results
Has no downtime or discomfort
Targets specific skin concerns
Provides alternative to invasive procedures

Call for more information

Cellulitis & Erysipelas

Just beneath the surface of the skin crops up the infectious Cellulitis and erysipelas that are caused by variety of factors. Any area of the skin can be affected by Cellulitis and erysipelas but the leg is the most common site.

Starting point over these illnesses may be bacteria introduced to the skin through cuts or sores, ulcers, skin injuries, insect or animal bites, and surgical wounds. Some skin conditions like impetigo, eczema, fungal infections, such as athlete’s foot also increase the likelihood of a person getting erysipelas.

Swollen and shiny with red streaks above the affected area depicts the condition. Also a warm and tender to touch skin is a sign of cellulitis. In severe cases, skin can get blisters, turn purple or black.

Skin is met with Erysipela due to some medications that can weaken the immune system. These medications include certain cancer drugs and drugs usually used after organ transplants. Erysipelas can happen to anyone, but it most common among infants and adults over 60 years. Erysipelas is not communicable or genetic.

A clinical evaluation or blood test is performed to determine levels of white blood cells (WBC). The higher the level of WBC, the greater the tissue damage and bacterial infection caused. A computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is necessary in some cases of severe deeper infection. In general, diagnose of erysipelas can be made by the symptoms and appearance of the affected area, because the symptoms tend to occur only with this specific condition.

Erysipelas is curable and there is no scarring. It is crucial taking up as early as possible treatment to halt the chance of further risk factors. Exact type of treatment will depend on what bacteria is causing the infection, but it will often contain penicillin. Alternate for people allergic to penicillin is cephalexin or erythromycin.

Other than medical aid, in order to speed up healing and prevent returining, one can keep the infected area elevated, place cooling packs on the skin, moisturize skin from getting dry and cracking and use compresses stocking after the problem has disappeared.

Infection will generally go away with a course of antibiotic medication. However, if you have a cellulitis of the leg, try n keep your foot raised higher than your hip as much possible. This helps to prevent clotting and excess swelling.

Consult our doctor for treatment.

SSSS (staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome)

SSSS is a term which encompasses a blistering skin disease caused by the epidermolytic (or exfoliative) toxin (ET)-producing S. aureus. The pathogenesis of SSSS is due to the production of ETs, of which there are two different serotypes affecting humans, ETA and ETB. SSSS usually begins with localized infection of the conjunctivae, nares, perioral region, perineum, or umbilicus.

Removal of perioral crusts leaves behind radial fissures around the corners of mouth, resulting in the characteristic facial appearance of SSSS. Other infections that can serve as the initial nidus for SSSS include pneumonia, infective endocarditis, septic arthritis, or pyomyositis. Fever, malaise, irritability, and poor feeding subsequently progress, lead to generalized eruption.

The rash is characterized by erythema that enlarges to large, superficial fragile blisters that rupture easily and result in denuded, desquamating, erythematous, and tender skin. The eruption is most marked in flexural creases but can also sometimes involve the entire surface area of skin. The Nikolsky’s sign (progression of the blister upon gentle pressure on the edge of the bulla) is positive. The most reliable distinguishing feature of TEN is mucosal involvement that involves the corner of the mouth, conjunctivae, trachea, and genital mucosa, which is not seen in SSSS.

It is worth to be noted that the majority of blisters in SSSS are sterile, as they are caused by the hematogenous dissemination of the bacterial toxin and not by the spread of bacteria itself. Treatment of SSSS is directed at the eradication of toxin-producing staphylococci and thus terminating toxin production and its dissemination.

Consult our doctor for treatment.

Measles

Measles is caused by a single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) virus of the family Paramyxoviridae. Infection begins in the nasopharyngeal epithelium and less commonly through the conjunctivae. Transmission of measles is primarily via respiratory droplets and less commonly by small particle aerosols. The incubation period is around 10 to 14 days. The virus enters the lymph nodes and lymphatics and multiplies within the reticuloendothelial system which results in subsequent viremia.

The virus is then disseminates to multiple lymphoid tissues and other organs, including the skin, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. Immunity to measles is mediated by cell-mediated, humoral, and mucosal responses. Measles antibodies are responsible for protection from future infection or re-infection in the course of life. The classical features of measles are fever and cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis.

The pathognomonic spots called as, Koplik spots, that are usually prodromal in nature and presents with punctuate, gray-white to erythematous papules spread on the buccal mucosa in the posterior molar region. It begins on the face especially the forehead, hairline, and behind the ears, and spreads downward onto the trunk and extremities.

Consult our doctor for treatment.

Herpes Zoster

Herpes zoster, or shingles, is caused due to reactivation of the varicella-zoster virus (chickenpox). The virus causes a painful rash of small blisters on a part of skin anywhere on the body. On some occasions, there can be pain for a prolonged period of time even after the rash subsides.

Once a person has had chickenpox, the virus resides dormant in the nerves. If the virus gets reactivated later in life, it causes shingles. Herpes zoster is relatively more common in people with compromised immune systems or over the age of 50. It is very rare in children, and even then, the symptoms are mild as compared to adult.

However, Children who have depressed immune systems can experience the same, or severe, symptoms as adults.

Herpes zoster often occurs on the trunk and buttocks, but can also appear on the arms, legs, or face. The symptoms vary as per individual and each child may experience different symptoms. The commonly presenting symptoms may include skin hypersensitivity in the areas affected by herpes zoster.

Mild rash, that appears after five days and initially looks like small, red spots turn into blisters, which usually subsides over a week. The lesions are always unilateral in presentation owing to the involvement of specific nerve.

Diagnosis of herpes zoster is usually clinically obtained by a recent medical history of the child and performing a physical examination. Diagnosis may also include skin scrapings (gently scraping of the blisters to determine the virus type) and Blood tests.

Specific treatment plan for herpes zoster has to be determined by a physician based on the child’s age, systemic health, medical history, severity and extent of the condition and the child’s tolerance and compliance for specific drug regime and procedures as well as the expected outcome for the course of the disease. The Child or parent’s preference can also be taken into account while formulating a treatment plan.

Medication can only help in alleviating some of the pain, but the viral condition has to undergo its course. Immediate treatment with antiviral drugs may help to lessen some of the symptoms. Drug dosage and type of medication will be determined by a physician based on the age of the child or body surface area and the severity of the disease.

Consult our Doctor for treatment.

Diaper Dermatitis

Diaper dermatitis occurs due to prolonged contact with skin and face and many cases get infected secondarily with bacteria and candida albicans. These dermatitis conditions are somehow in one or the other way related to diapers that the baby wears and there are three main types of diaper dermatitis i.e. chafing dermatitis, irritant contact dermatitis and candida diaper dermatitis.

Chafing dermatitis: It is generally seen in areas which are more prone to friction and where regular skin contact occurs like inner surface of thighs, genitalia and buttocks. It manifests in the form of eruptions and mild scaling which waxes and wanes quickly. Frequent changing of diaper and good hygiene yields good response and relief and no such medication is required.
Irritant contact diaper dermatitis: it mainly involves the convex surfaces of the perineal area, the buttocks, the vulva, the perineal area, the lower abdomen and the proximal thighs with the intertriginous creases being spared. The cause of this disorder can be traced to the contact with proteolytic enzymes present in stool and different kinds of chemical irritants such as soaps, detergents, disinfectants and other topical preparations. The constant use of diaper can also lead to excessive heat, moisture and sweat retention locally.
Candida diaper dermatitis:It is characterized by raised edge and sharp margin with white scales on the border and pinpoint pustulovesicular satellite lesions which are also the diagnostic hallmark. It is a beefy red erythema and is widespread on lower abdomen, buttocks and inner aspects of thighs. Candida albicans is found in the feces, thus lower intestine acts as a primary source of candida diaper dermatitis.
Seborrheic dermatitis: The hallmark of seborrheic dermatitis of the diaperarea is the characteristic presence of salmon -colored, greasy plaques with yellowish scales and having a predilectionfor intertriginous area. Simultaneous involvement of the scalp, face, neck, post auricular and flexural areas helps aids in diagnosis.
Erythema toxicum neonatorum: Erythema toxicum neonatorum (ETN), is an idiopathic, asymptomatic, benign,self- limiting, cutaneous eruption in full term newborns, found usually on trunk and proximal extremes, avoiding the soles and palm area. The rashes are self-emitting and most of them phase out in 6-12 days. No treatment is necessary for this as the lesions regress in 6 to 12 days.
Ringworm : Ringworm skin disease has nothing to do with worms. The causative agent of ringworm is a common fungus that infects the skin and causes a scaly and elevated red patch that forms on the infected area. It is highly contagious, and ringworm can spread by contact or by sharing clothes in contact with the infected area. Generally, applying an antifungal cream to the affected area for a prolonged period until the infection subsides is the treatment of choice.
Fifth disease: Fifth disease is caused by Parvovirus B19. It is quite common illness that is usually mild and resolves without any treatment. It typically begins with flu like symptoms. A “slapped cheek appearance” that is presence of a bright red rash on the cheeks is the defining feature and a rash on the body follow. Since fifth disease is caused by a virus, prescribing antibiotics play no role in the treatment. Parvovirus B19 can be dangerous to pregnant females, therefore it’s important to visit a health-care professional in the case of exposure.
Sixth disease or Roseola: Roseola is a mild illness of viral etiology. The infection commonly occurs in infants and presents with a very high fever, which follows a non-itchy rash with a lacy pattern. The fever lasts for a couple of days and then resolves; however, it is significant to note that typically, the fever and rash do not occur at the same time. The rash appears on the torso or trunk first and then spreads to the rest of the body surface. Occasionally, such high-grade fever can trigger an episode of seizure in children, but this occurs less commonly.

Consult our doctor for treatment.

Dermatitis/Peri Anal Streptococcal Infections

Peri Anal Streptococcal is an infection of the anus and rectum caused by the germ called Streptococcus. There are alternatives names used for the disease such as Streptococcal proctitis; Perianal streptococcal dermatitis, Proctitis – streptococcal. The problem generally occurs in children, commonly during or after strep throat, nasopharyngitis, or impetigo.

Children may end up callusing the skin around the anus while cleaning the area using a harsh toilet paper, by scratching with hands that have bacteria or not properly washed the defecate.

If there is itching, bleeding or pain in the bowel movement or sever redness around the anus, it may indicate the problem.

The health care provider may ask for some tests or exams including:

Skin culture from rectal area
Rectal swab culture
Throat culture

A course of antibiotic treatment, generally for 10 days is directed, depending on how well and effectively the patient is responding. Children generally show quick recovery with antibiotic treatment. So, make sure to put across your health care provider if your child does not get better soon on antibiotics.

Topical medicine can be used in conjunction with antibiotics to ease itch and pain in the area, but should not be the standalone treatment. A common topical medicine used for this condition is Mupirocin.

Complications out of this problem can be really cruel with anal scarring, abscess or fistula, anal discharge, bleeding, or bloodstream infections and severe skin and soft tissue infection.

To prevent the condition from coming back and further complications, ensure to take timely treatment in a prescribed form.

Consult our doctor today.

Child Skin Specialist/Paediatric Dermatologist

What is a need of Pediatrics dermatology? We understand your concern. A Pediatric dermatologist is a certified specialist for the treatment of wide ranges of conditions, with the most specific being bacterial, fungal and viral infections; hemangiomas and atopic dermatitis. As a best Pediatric Dermatology related Specialists in Delhi (West Delhi), we are dedicated to provide the people with best maintenance of skin’s health using non-invasive therapy. Any damage caused to your skin due to exposure to sun/pollution, weather change, atmospheric allergens, and multitude of remedies can be cured effectively taking advice from dermatologist in Kolkata.

Paediatric dermatology deals with the dermatological or skin problems that children face. A paediatric dermatologist diagnoses and treats the skin, hair and scalp conditions of children and infants. He/she prescribes treatment and suggests medical or surgical procedures for skin conditions such as warts and other lesions of the skin. Children having dermatological conditions can take advice and benefit from the experience and expertise of recognized physicians.

What are the benefits?

Children who have usual dermatological conditions can take advantage from the proficiency of specialized physicians. Although, adults may develop some complaints but they differ considerably when dealing with a skin problem in childhood. Dermatologists in Rejuvenate Health offer treatments with the help of state-of-the-art technologies.

How safe is the treatment?

The treatment suits the skin of a child or an adolescent. The dosage is dependent on the weight of the child. Thus, it is important that skin diseases in children are treated by highly experienced dermatologists who have an expertise in this field.

Caring Treatment for Paediatric Skin Conditions and Dermatology

Paediatric dermatology mainly concentrates on the treatment of children from birth to their teenage years, as it is the most common time for skin disorders. During this age, common diseases like ringworm, chickenpox, acne, eczema or birthmarks can occur.

What are the common Paediatric skin disorders?

Infants and children are particularly susceptible to eczema. The most commonly noticed paediatric skin disorders are vascular (red) birthmarks, moles or warts, skin rashes, poison ivy, ringworm, hives, and cradle cap. Acne can also appear in adolescence and cause scarring affecting the self-esteem of children. Dermatologists in Rejuvenate Health offering quality skin treatments.

What Paediatric Dermatology treatments are offered at our Clinic?

We have excellent medical facilities and are engaged in offering diagnosis and treatment for various paediatric skin disorders such as eczema, acne, contact dermatitis, psoriasis, congenital skin allergies, and removal of birthmarks, warts and vascular (red) moles. Young children are prone to become impatient as they are not able to answer the medical questions properly or communicate, thus need special care. Our medical team has rich experience in dealing with children and take every possible step to make them feel better. We provide a range of both surgical and non-invasive procedures to treat all kinds of skin diseases. Skin specialists in Delhi are trained from top most institutes and make certain to treat all skin conditions aesthetically.

Consult our doctor today.

Yearly Archives: 2022

Introduction

Symptoms of PCOS

PCOS and infertility

How does PCOS affect pregnancy and lead to complications?

Diagnosis of PCOS

Treatment of PCOS

Final thoughts

Birthmark Diagnosis and Treatment

WHY DO WE NEED HAYDRAFACIAL ?

WHAT DOES THE PROCESS INVOLVE?

ADVANTAGES:

What are the benefits?

How safe is the treatment?

Caring Treatment for Paediatric Skin Conditions and Dermatology

What are the common Paediatric skin disorders?

What Paediatric Dermatology treatments are offered at our Clinic?